Geography
Area : 244,820 km²
Borders : 360 km (with Ireland)
Coastline : 12,429 km
Capital : London
Official language : English
Flag
Population
Population : 68,131,484 (2023 est.)
Crude natural change rate : -1‰ (2022)
Population repartition: 16.9% over 65 years old ; 19.1% under 15 years old (est. 2023)
Foreign residents: EU nationals 5.5%, non-EU nationals 3.7% (2019)
Crude net migration rate: 3.2 (2023 est.)
First time asylum applicants: 78,768 (june 2023)
Life expectancy: men 80 years, women 84.2 years (2023 est.)
Religions: Christian (Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist) 46.2%, Muslim 6.5%, Hindu 1.7%, other 2%, unspecified 6%, atheist 37.2% (2021 est.)
Source : CIA World Factbook, Office for National Statistics
Economy
Currency: Pound Sterling (GBP) (exchange rate July 2024 : 1€ = 0.84 GBP)
GDP: € 2,656,011.7 million (2023)
GDP per capita (PPS): € 45,529.6 (2023)
GDP growth : 0.1% (2023)
Inflation: 2.8% (May 2024)
Public debt: 101.3% of GDP (Q4 2023)
Unemployment: 4.3% (Q1 2024)
Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 88% of GDP (2022)
Budget balance: -6% du PIB (Q4 2023)
Source : Office for national statistics, Trading economics
Political system
Constitutional monarchy, democracy
Head of State King Charles III; After the death of Queen Elizabeth II on 8th September 2022, he acceded to the throne on 9th September 2022.
Prime Minister Keir Starmer was appointed Prime Minister on 5th July 2024, following the Labour Party's victory in the general elections on 4th July 2024.
Bicameral parliamentary system -The House of Lords comprises 785 members appointed for the majority part by the King upon suggestion of the Prime Minister: 669 are appointed for life, 92 inherit their titles, and 26 archbishops and bishops are de facto members. -The House of Commons comprises 650 members elected for a five-year term by direct universal suffrage.
Political representation
Composition of the House of Commons after the elections on 12th December 2019 (updated on 16th November 2023)
- 411 seats Labour Party
- 121 seats Conservative Party (Conservatives)
- 72 seats Liberal Democrats (LibDem)
- 9 seats Scottish National Party (SNP)
- 7 seats Sinn Féin
- 6 seats Independent
- 5 seats Reform UK
- 5 seats Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)
- 4 seats Green Party (E&W)
- 4 seats Plaid Cymru
- 2 seats Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP)
- 1 seat Alliance (NI)
- 1 seat Ulster Unionist Party (UUP)
- 1 seat Traditional Unionist Voice (TUV)
- 1 seat Speaker
Women's representations
- in the government: 11/25
- in the House of Commons: 263/650
- in the House of Lords: 228/774
Next Elections:
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