Country Sheet : Spain

Information file

Last Update on July 2nd 2024

SPAIN

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In English - version of July 2nd 2024

Geography

Area : 505,370 km²

Borders : 1953 km (Andorra 63.7 km, France 623 km, Gibraltar 1.2 km, Portugal 1,214 km, Morocco (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Morocco (Melilla) 9.6 km)

Coastline : 4,964 km

Capital : Madrid

Official language : Spanish

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Population

Population : 47,222,613 (est. 2023)

Crude natural change rate : -2.8‰ (2022)

Population repartition: 13.6% under 15 years old, 20.1% over 65 years old (2023)

Foreign residents: 3.6% EU nationals, non-EU nationals 6.7% (2019)

Crude net migration rate: 4.2‰ (2023 est.)

First time asylum applicants: 162,420 (2023)

Life expectancy: men 81.2 years, women 86.7 years (2023)

Religions: Roman Catholic 58.2%, atheist 16.2%, agnostic 10.8%, other 2.7%, non- believer 10.5%, unspecified 1.7% (2021 est.)

Ethnic groups: Spanish 84.8%, Moroccan 1.7%, Romanian 1.2%, other 12.3% (2021 est.)

Source : Eurostat, The CIA World Factbook

Economy

Currency: Euro

GDP: 1,462,070 million € (2023)

GDP per capita (PPS): € 25,210 (2023)

GDP growth : 2.5% (2023)

Inflation: 3.8% (May 2024)

Public debt: 107.7% of GDP (Q4 2023)

Unemployment: 11.7% (April 2024)

Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 74% of GDP (2022)

Budget balance: -6.7% of GDP (Q4 2023)

Source : Eurostat, CNUCED, OCDE

Political system

Constitutional monarchy, democracy, bicameral parliamentary system

Head of State: King Felipe VI since 19th June 2014

Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez (PSOE), president of the outgoing government, announced a new coalition government between the PSOE and the Sumar party on 17th November 2023.

The Cortes make up the Spanish parliament, they comprise two houses: the Congreso de los diputados (Congress of Deputies) comrises 350 members who are elected for four years by direct universal suffrage; the Senado (Senate) comprises 265 members among whom 208 are directly elected and 57 are designated by the regions.