Geography
Area : 78,867 km²
Borders : 1,989 km (Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km, Slovakia 197 km)
Capital : Prague
Official language : Czech
Flag
Population
Population : 10,706,242 (est. 2023)
Crude natural change rate : -1.8‰ (2022)
Population repartition: 16.2% under 15 years old, 20.4% over 65 years old (2023)
Foreign residents: 2.1% EU nationals, 3.1% non-EU nationals (2019)
Crude net migration rate: 2.3‰ (2023)
First time asylum applicants: 1,405 (2023)
Life expectancy: men 77 years, women 82.9 years (2023)
Religions: Catholic 7%, Protestants et Czechoslovak Hussite 6%, others 9.1%, none 47.8%, unspecified 30.1% (2021 est.)
Ethnic groups: Czech 57.3%, Moravian 3.4%, others 7.7%, unspecified 31.6% (2021)
Source : Eurostat
Economy
Currency: Czech Crown (CZK) (exchange rate July 2024: 1€ = 25.17 CZK)
GDP: € 305,966.5 millions (2023)
GDP per capita (PPS): € 18,370 (2023)
GDP growth : -0.3% (2023)
Inflation: 2.8% (May 2024)
Public debt: 44% (Q4 2023)
Unemployment: 2.7% (April 2024)
Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 76.6% of GDP (2022)
Performance sectors: automobile industry, mechanics, toys, chemistry
Budget balance: -4.7% of GDP (2022)
Source : Eurostat, BNP Paribas
Political system
Republic, parliamentary democracy (Constitution of 16th December 1992)
Head of State: Milos Zeman was the first president directly elected on 14th January 2023. He took office as President on 9th March 2023.
Head of Government: Petr Fiala (ODS) was appointed Prime Minister on 28th November 2021. He leads the coalition 'Alliance Together' which includes 5 parties: the conservative liberal party (ODS), the Christian Democrats, the centre-right party TOP 09, the Czech Pirate Party (Piráti) and Mayors and Independents (STAN).
Bicameral parliamentary system: The House of Deputies (Poslanecka Snemovna) comprises 200 members who are elected for four years by direct universal suffrage by proportional representation; a 5% threshold is required to gain entry into the House. The Senate comprises 81 members who are elected for six years, with a third of the Senate up for election every two years.
Political representation
Composition of the Chamber of Deputies (updated in February 2023):
- 71 seats ANO 2011 (Liberal)
- 34 seats ODS (Civi democratic party)
- 33 seats STAN (Mayors and independents)
- 23 seats KDU-CSL (Christian and Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party)
- 20 seats SPD (Social Democratic Party)
- 14 seats TOP 9
- 4 seats Piráti (Pirate party)
- 1 unaffiliated seat
Composition of the Senate (March 2024):
- 35 seats not affiliated
- 4 seats STAN (mayors and independants)
- 17 seats ODS (Civic democratic Party)
- 10 seats KDU-ČSL (Chrisitan Democratic)
- 2 seat ANO (Liberal)
- 4 seats TOP09 (Liberal Conservative)
- 2 seats SLK
- 2 seats ČSSD (Social Democratic Party)
- 1 seat SEN 21 (Senator 21)
- 1 seat ProMOST
- 1 seat MHS
- 1 seat SproK
- 1 seat Ostravak
- 1 seat Piráti
Women's representations
- in the government: 2/18
- in the Chamber of deputies: 52/200
- in the Senate: 13/81
Next Elections:
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