Country Sheet : Portugal

Information file

Last Update on 2nd July 2024

PORTUGAL

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In English - version of 2nd July 2024

Geography

Area : 92,226 km²

Borders : 1,214 km (with Spain)

Coastline : 1,793 km

Capital : Lisbon

Official language : Portuguese

Flag

Population

Population : 10,467,366 inhabitants (2023)

Crude natural change rate : -1.7‰ (2023 est.)

Population repartition: 12.9% under 15 years old, 24% over 65 years old (2023)

Foreign residents: 2% EU nationals, 5% non EU nationals (2021)

Crude net migration rate: 1.2‰ (2023)

First time asylum applicants: 2,695 (2023)

Life expectancy: men 79.5 years, women 85.2 years (2023)

Religions: Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other 0.6% (including Muslim and Jewish), unspecified 9.3%, none 6.8%

Ethnic groups: homogeneous Mediterranean population with African and Eastern European minorities

Source : Eurostat, CIA World Fact Book

Economy

Currency: Euro

GDP: € 265,503 millions (2023 est.)

GDP per capita (PPS): € 19,710 (2023)

GDP growth : 2.3% (2023)

Inflation: 3.1% (June 2024)

Public debt: 99.1% of GDP (Q4 2023)

Unemployment: 6.5% (May 2024)

Public deficit: -4.7% of GDP (Q4 2023)

Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 81.4% of GDP (2022)

Source : Eurostat, ECB, OECD, BNP Paribas, Trading economics

Political system

Republic, parliamentary democracy

Head of State: Rebelo de Sousa (Social Democratic Party-PSD) elected on 24th January 2016, by direct universal suffrage for a 5-year mandate, and reelected for a second and last mandate on 24th January 2021.

Prime minister: Luis Montenegro (Social Democratic Party, PSD) in office since April 2nd 2024. His center-right political coalition, the Democratic Alliance, won 80 of the 230 seats in Parliament in the parliamentary elections held on March 10th 2024. With around 30% of the vote, his government does not have an absolute majority in Parliament, but a relative one.

Legislative power is held by the Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da República), which comprises 230 members who are elected for four years.

Political representation

Parliament composition (on 20th February 2023):

78 seats Socialist Party (PS)
50 seats Chega (CH)
8 seats INICITIVA LIBERAL (IL)
5 seats Left Bloc (BE)
4 seats Unitary Democratic Coalition (CDU): coalition of Portuguese Communist Party and Green Party (PCP-PEV)
4 seats Livre (L)
1 seat People-Animals-Nature (PAN)