Country Sheet : Lithuania

Information file

Last Update on 9th July 2024

LITHUANIA

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In English - version of 9th July 2024

Geography

Area : 65,300 km²

Borders : 1,574 km; Belarus 680 km, Latvia 576 km, Poland 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km

Coastline : 90 km

Capital : Vilnius

Official language : Lithuanian

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Population

Population : 2,805,998 inhabitants (2022 EST.)

Crude natural change rate : -7.4‰ (2022)

Population repartition: 15.3% under 15 years old, 21,6 % over 65 years old (2023)

Foreign residents: 0% % EU nationals, 3% non-EU nationals (2021)

Crude net migration rate: -4.3‰ (2023 est.)

First time asylum applicants: 1,025 (2022)

Life expectancy: men 70.6 years women 81.6 years (2023 est.)

Religions: Roman Catholic 74.2%, Russian Orthodox 3.7%, Old Believer

Ethnic groups: Lithuanian 84.1%, Polish 6.6%, Russian 5.8%, other or unspecified 1.2% (est. 2011)

Source : Eurostat, The CIA World Factbook

Economy

Currency: Euro (since January 1st 2015)

GDP: € 72,047.8 million (2023)

GDP per capita (PPS): €14,840 (2023)

GDP growth : -0.3% (2023)

Inflation: 0.9% (May 2024)

Public debt: 7.4% (July 2023)

Unemployment: 7.7% (May 2024)

Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 48.5% of GDP (2022)

Budget balance: -3.2% of GDP (2022)

Source : Eurostat, Trading Economics, World Bank

Political system

Republic, parliamentary democracy (Constitution of October 25th 1992)

Head of State: Gitanas Nauseda (independent), elected in the 2nd round on May 26th 2019 and reelected on May 26th 2024 for 5 years by direct universal suffrage.

Prime Minister: Ingrida Simonytė (Close to the Homeland Union (TS-LKD)), since November 24th 2020. She leads a coalition government with the Freedom Party (LP) and the Liberal Movement of the Republic of Lithuania (LRLS).

Unicameral parliamentary system: The Parliament (Seimas) comprises 141 seats. The representatives are elected for four years. Mixed system: 71 representatives are elected in single constituencies and 70 in a nationwide vote according to a proportional system.